Leprosarium
Babbar cibiyar manufa, Leprosarium a Virgwi, kusa da Garkida, an fara kiranta da "mallakar kuturu." Likitan 'yan'uwa na Amirka RL Robertson ne ya kafa shi a cikin 1929, tare da haɗin gwiwar Ofishin Jakadancin Amirka na Kuturta. Dokta Robertson ya fara aiki a Virgwi a ranar 7 ga Satumba, 1929, amma ya mutu shekaru biyu kacal bayan kamuwa da cutar zazzabin shawara a Legas, a 1931.
Duk da haka, aikin ya ci gaba kuma cibiyar ta girma kuma ta sami karbuwa a duniya don aikinta na maganin kuturta, ko Cutar Hansen.
An mayar da ita ga gwamnati aka sa mata suna Virgwi Adamawa Provincial Leprosarium. Majinyacin farko da aka fara karbar magani a wurin shine Lalakanda Wula Musa daga kabilar Kanakuru, na biyu kuma Nzika Nkirta ta kabilar Bura.
Manyan shugabanni a Leprosarium sun haɗa da:
- Likitan Ofishin Jakadancin Harold A. Bosler wanda ya karɓi jagorancin likita bayan mutuwar Dr. Robertson. An ba shi lambar yabo ta OBE (Order of the British Empire) saboda kyawun aikinsa.
- Likitan mishan Roy. E. Pfaltzgraff ya bi Dokta Bosler, kuma ya yi hidima na shekaru da yawa a Leprosarium har sai da ya yi ritaya. Ya zama babban mutum na duniya a fannin bincike da kula da cutar kuturta, inda ya samar da hanyoyin taimaka wa marasa lafiya da suka rasa gabobin jiki ko kuma suka rasa amfani da hannu da kafafu. Ya kuma fara aikin inganta ma’aikatan lafiya da kuma horar da jami’an Najeriya.
- Mista BU Ekanem, wanda ya kasance daya daga cikin farkon cibiyar kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin magatakarda a can har ya yi murabus a shekarar 1963.
- Ishaku B. Bdliya na mutanen Bura wanda ya kasance jami’in horaswa kuma daga baya aka nada shi minista.
- Majinyata da aka nada domin daukar nauyin ladabtar da jin dadin al’ummar mazauni, daga Malam Yola.
- Yawancin sauran ma'aikatan aikin jinya da likitoci waɗanda suka yi hidima a Leprosarium tsawon shekaru.
Ikilisiya ta girma daga aikin Leprosarium. Littafin cika shekaru 50 na Lardin Gabas ya lura cewa daga 1929-72, mutane 8,550 daga kabilu daban-daban 150 sun sami magani a Leprosarium a Virgwi.
Zazzabin Lassa
Duk da cewa ma’aikatan cocin ‘yan’uwa da yawa sun mutu a lokacin da suke hidima a Najeriya, tun daga Ruth Kulp da jaririn da ta haifa a shekarar 1924, mutuwar Laura Wine ya jawo hankalin duniya a matsayin wanda aka fara gano cutar zazzabin Lassa.
Laura Wine ta zo Najeriya a shekarar 1964. Tana da shekaru 65, ta yi ritaya daga aikin jinya a Chicago kuma a shirye take ta ba da kwarewarta don yin aikin. Ta zama shugabar kula da masu kula da masu juna biyu a asibitin Lassa Mission.
A cikin Janairu 1969, ta sauko da wata cuta mai ban mamaki wadda ba ta amsa magani ba. Dokta John Hamer, a lokacin shi kaɗai ne likita a Lassa, da matarsa Esther, sun yanke shawarar kai ta zuwa babban asibitin tunawa da Bingham da ke birnin Jos, asibitin Sudan Interior Mission (SIM). Yakin basasa da ya barke a Najeriya ya daure tafiye-tafiye, kuma an takaita zirga-zirgar jiragen sama na farar hula. Duk da haka, wasu ma’aikatan mishan na ’yan’uwa sun taimaka wajen shirya yadda za a yi jigilar ta mai nisan mil 500 zuwa Jos, tare da ’yan Hamers – amma abin ya ci tura. Duk magani ya zama banza kuma ta rasu washegari.
Cutar asiri ta bazu zuwa ma'aikatan jinya na SIM guda biyu waɗanda suka taimaka wajen kula da Laura. Charlotte Shaw ya mutu da cutar. Penny Pinneo, wacce ita ma ta kamu da zazzabin, an garzaya da ita zuwa New York tare da samfurori na nama da ruwa daga wadanda abin ya shafa a baya, kuma ta rayu bayan samun kulawa a Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Columbia-Presbyterian na fiye da makonni tara. Kwararre a cikin cututtukan wurare masu zafi a Columbia-Presbyterian ya yi aiki tare da wata ƙungiya daga Yale Arbovirus Lab da Yale Public Health and Epidemiology Sashen gano cutar mai saurin kisa. Sun kirkiri maganin rigakafin cutar kansa ta hanyar amfani da kwayoyin kariya daga Penny Pinneo, amma abin mamaki shine dan Adam na farko da ya ceci ransa wani mai binciken dakin gwaje-gwaje ne ya kama Lassa yayin da yake aikin tantance kwayar cutar. Wani mai bincike ya mutu sakamakon cutar, bayan haka Yale ya lalata samfuransa kuma ya dakatar da bincikensa kan cutar. Zazzabin Lassa ya zama aikin farko na sabon dakin gwaje-gwaje a Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka a Atlanta.
A karshen shekarar 1969 ne cutar zazzabin Lassa ta sake bulla a cikin al’ummar Najeriya da ke kewayen Jos, inda ta kashe mutane da dama, ko da yake wasu sun tsira da rayukansu. An sake kawo marasa lafiya asibitin SIM, kuma ma'aikatan asibitin sun sake kamuwa da cutar kuma sun mutu ciki har da Dr. Jeanette Trout, likitan mishan. Daga nan sai bullar cutar ta mutu kuma zazzabin Lassa ya zama kamar bacewa daga yankin.
A cikin watanni da shekaru masu zuwa, masu binciken likita sun ci gaba da binciken kwayar cutar a Najeriya da sauran kasashen Afirka. Penny Pinneo a matsayin wanda ya tsira zai iya taimakawa wajen samar da maganin rigakafi, kuma ya yi tafiya tare da likitocin ƙwayoyin cuta yayin da suka ziyarci wuraren da annobar cutar ta faru ko kuma ke ci gaba. A ƙarshe wani mai bincike da ke aiki daga Atlanta ya gano mai ɗaukar kaya a matsayin wani nau'in bera.
Labarin zazzabin Lassa ya zama batun batun Zazzaɓi! Farautar Sabuwar Cutar Kisa John G. Fuller, wanda aka buga a cikin 1974 ta Reader's Digest Press, kuma an buga shi cikin sigar narkewa a cikin mujallar Reader's Digest na Maris 1974. An kuma yi wani shirin talabijin game da zazzabin Lassa, tare da yin fim da yawa a Lassa da Jos.
Fitowa ta Yuli 1974 na Church of the Brothers Manzon mujalla ta fito da labarin da Dr. John da Esther Hamer suka yi bita Zazzaɓi! da kuma ba da labarin nasu na taimakawa wajen kula da abokinsu da abokin aikinsu Laura Wine.
Hamers sun rubuta game da faffadar fuskar uwa ta Laura Wine, tafiya mai nisa, ruhin fara'a. Sun kuma rubuta tare da godiya ga dukan ’yan’uwa – Amurkawa da Nijeriya – waɗanda suka yi duk abin da za su iya a cikin rikicin. An binne Laura a Garkida. Hamers sun bayyana jana’izar: “Cocin Garkida cike yake da ‘yan Najeriya da kuma ‘yan mishan da ke bakin cikin rashin wani almajiri Kirista, abokinsa, da abokin aikinsu…. Jana’izar Laura a wani tudu a harabar ’yan mishan na Garkida kusa da kaburburan wasu da dama. mishaneri da yaran da suka mutu a baya sa’ad da suke hidimar ƙaunar Allah.
"Wataƙila an sami wasu marasa lafiya - 'yan asalin Afirka ta Yamma, masu bincike, masu mishaneri, baƙi - tare da wannan cuta kafin Laura Wine, amma ita ce majinyata ta farko da aka gano da ita…. Yadda Laura Wine ta ba da rayuwarta da ta kasance a shirye ta yi domin hidimar Kirista da ci gaban likitanci kyauta ce ta ƙauna.”