Galen Fitzkee
Haiti, kasa mafi talauci a Yammacin Duniya, a halin yanzu tana fuskantar rikice-rikice na rikice-rikice na siyasa bayan kisan gillar da aka yi wa Shugaba Jovenel Moïse, da sakamakon mummunar girgizar kasa mai karfin maki 7.2, da sakamakon guguwar Tropical Grace. Wadannan abubuwan da suka faru, kamar yadda suke a daidaikunsu, suna kuma kara tsananta matsalolin da ake dasu kamar tashin hankalin kungiyoyi da rashin abinci a duk fadin yankin.
Binciken tarihin Haiti na kusa ya nuna cewa waɗannan munanan yanayin rayuwa sun samo asali ne a cikin yanayin mulkin mallaka da kuma gazawar manufofin Amurka. Duk da gagarumin tawayen bawa da shelar 'yancin kai a 1804, Amurka ta ƙi amincewa da Haiti a matsayin ƙasa na tsawon shekaru 60 masu zuwa, suna tsoron irin wannan tashin hankalin bayi a jihohin kudanci ("A History of United States Policy Towards Haiti" by Ann Crawford- Roberts, Jami'ar Brown Library, https://library.brown.edu/create/modernlatinamerica/chapters/chapter-14-the-united-states-and-latin-america/moments-in-u-s-latin-american-relations/a-history-of-united-states-policy-towards-haiti).
Bayan amincewa da al'umma daga ƙarshe, Amurka ta tsoma baki ta hanyar soja, siyasa, da tattalin arziki don neman cimma muradun mu. Juyin mulki, mulkin kama-karya da Amurka ke marawa baya, da manufofin kasuwanci marasa daidaito sun durkusar da Haiti da talaucewa, abin da ya sa jagoranci ya kasa biyan bukatun 'yan kasarsu.
Bayan girgizar kasa na shekara ta 2010, kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu (kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu) da ba a taba ganin irinsu ba sun mamaye tsibirin, sun sake bijirewa gwamnati kuma sun kasa baiwa Haiti damar jagorantar farfadowar nasu. Jigogi na cin hanci da rashawa da rashin adalci suna nan a cikin wannan lokaci.
Sakamakon haka, halin da ake ciki a Haiti a yau yana da bakin ciki da gaske kuma bai kamata ba mamaki cewa sama da bakin haure 12,000, galibi 'yan kasar Haiti, sun yanke shawarar barin kasarsu ta asali don neman ayyukan yi da tsaro. Sakamakon rashin damammaki a wasu wurare da yuwuwar jawo ta da alkawuran tsarin shige da fice na mutuntaka a karkashin gwamnatin yanzu, yawancin mutanen Haiti sun yi tattaki mai haɗari zuwa iyakar Amurka a Del Rio, Texas don neman mafaka da kuma neman ingantacciyar rayuwa ("Yaya Dubban Dubban Baƙi Haitian sun ƙare a iyakar Texas" na Joe Parkin Daniels da Tom Phillips, The Guardian, Satumba 18, 2021, www.theguardian.com/global-development/2021/sep/18/haiti-migrants-us-texas-violence).
Lokacin da suka isa kan iyakar, duk da haka, an sanar da cewa Ma'aikatar Tsaron Cikin Gida (DHS) za ta fara korar 'yan Haiti zuwa inda balaguron balaguron su ya fara, wanda zai iya jefa rayuwarsu cikin haɗari.
Gwamnatin Biden ta dogara da manufofin da aka fi sani da Title 42 don ba da hujjar korar da sunan lafiyar jama'a, a kan ingantattun hukunce-hukuncen jami'an kiwon lafiyar jama'a da yawa ("Q&A: Manufar taken 42 na Amurka don korar bakin haure a kan iyaka,"Hakkokin Dan Adam). Duba, www.hrw.org/labarai/2021/04/08/qa-us-title-42-manufofin-korar-baƙi-iyakar#). Manufar tana da banbanci na musamman na rashin ɗa'a da kuma ba bisa ƙa'ida ba saboda tana hana baƙi damar neman mafaka tare da mayar da su ƙasar da ke fama da rikicin siyasa da na zamantakewa.
Hotunan jami'an tsaron kan iyaka da ke kan dawakai suna cin zarafin 'yan kasar Haiti ya fara yaduwa a farkon wannan makon, wanda ya haifar da karin tambayoyi game da lissafi da kuma sa ido kan tsarin shige da ficen mu baki daya tare da tunatar da mu cewa galibi ana amfani da manufar shige da ficen mu don nuna wariya ga masu launin fata.
Sa’ad da muke magance waɗannan batutuwa a matsayin ikilisiya, da farko dole ne mu gane cewa waɗanda suka kafa Cocin ’yan’uwa baƙi ne da kansu, suna neman ’yancin addini, siyasa, da kuma tattalin arziki. Kamar yadda bayanin taron shekara-shekara na 1983 ya lura game da wannan batu, wannan tarihin sau da yawa ya tsara yadda muke mayar da martani ga baƙi da 'yan gudun hijira daga ko'ina cikin duniya. A aikace, ’yan’uwa sun yi kira ga gwamnatin tarayya “ta aiwatar da da’awar baƙi na neman matsayi cikin tsari bisa ka’ida, don samar da isassun kudade ga hukumar don tabbatar da gudanar da ayyukanta yadda ya kamata, da kuma neman ma’aikatan da za su kula da bambance-bambancen al’adu” (“ Mutanen da Ba su da Rubutu da 'Yan Gudun Hijira a {asar Amirka,” 1982 Church of the Brothers Annual Conference Conference, www.brethren.org/ac/statements/1982-refugees).
’Yan’uwa suna ɗaukan kiraye-kirayen Littafi Mai Tsarki da muhimmanci don yin maraba da baƙo da baƙo (Leviticus 19:34, Matta 25:35), musamman waɗanda ke guje wa tashin hankali da zalunci. ’Yan’uwa ma sun dauki muhimmin mataki na magance musabbabin ’yan gudun hijirar da ba sa samun kulawa sosai a matakin gwamnati. Tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da L'Eglise des Freres d'Haiti (Coci na 'yan'uwa a Haiti), mun aiwatar da shirye-shirye kamar Haiti Medical Project kuma mun ba da tallafi ta hanyar Shirin Abinci na Duniya (GFI) da Asusun Bala'i na gaggawa (EDF) neman. don inganta rayuwar jiki da ta ruhaniya na yawancin Haiti.
Kwanan nan, Ma’aikatun Bala’i na ’yan’uwa sun ba da umarnin bayar da tallafin dala 75,000 na EDF don agaji da ƙoƙarce-ƙoƙarce na ’yan’uwan Haiti bayan girgizar ƙasa ta baya-bayan nan a kudu maso yammacin Haiti. A cikin dogon lokaci, irin wannan ƙoƙari, tabbas zai zama hanya mafi inganci don rage ƙaura da kuma hana cin zarafi a kan iyakar kudancinmu. (Ba da gudummawar tallafin kuɗi ga EDF a https://churchofthebrethren.givingfuel.com/bdm. Ba da gudummawar tallafin kuɗi ga GFI a https://churchofthebrethren.givingfuel.com/gfi.)
A cikin mahallin da muke ciki, halinmu na tunani da ruhaniya game da rikicin kan iyaka, maganganun taronmu na shekara-shekara da suka gabata, da abokan aikinmu a Haiti sun motsa mu mu yi magana game da tsarin ƙaura. A bayyane yake, da farko, cewa dole ne a dakatar da korar masu neman mafaka na Haiti ba bisa ka'ida ba da kuma rashin da'a. Mutanen Haiti da ke kan iyaka sun cancanci a maraba da su cikin mutunci kuma a ba su damar gabatar da kararsu ta neman mafaka. Mataki na 42, manufar da aka yi amfani da ita don kaucewa bin tsari na bakin haure, ya kamata a soke don hana cin zarafi a nan gaba. A madadin haka, dole ne a samar da tsare-tsare don yin la’akari da yadda baƙi za su sami kariya daga cutarwa, kamar yadda kalaman Cocin ’yan’uwa suka ba da shawara a shekarun baya. A takaice dai, manufofin mu na shige da fice dole ne su gane mutuntakar bakin hauren Haiti kuma su tausayawa halin da suke ciki.
Jijjiga Ayyukan Aiki na yau daga Ofishin Gina Zaman Lafiya da Siyasa yana ba da hanyoyin shiga, je zuwa https://mailchi.mp/brethren.org/afghanistan-10136605?e=df09813496.
- Galen Fitzkee ma'aikaci ne na Sa-kai na 'Yan'uwa da ke hidima a ofishin Cocin Brethren's Office of Peacebuilding and Policy in Washington, DC
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