Newsline Church of Brother
Yuli 20, 2017
da Andrew Bolton
"Yaƙin Duniya na Farko wani rikici ne mai ban tausayi kuma wanda ba dole ba." Waɗannan su ne kalmomin farko na ɗan tarihi ɗan Burtaniya John Keegan a cikin littafinsa, Yaƙin Duniya na Farko. Ba lallai ba ne saboda an hana shi - rikici na cikin gida wanda baya buƙatar haɓaka. Daga karshe dai kasashe 100 ne suka shiga lamarin. Abin takaici ne domin aƙalla mutane miliyan 10 ne suka mutu yayin da miliyan 20 suka ji rauni a yaƙin, wasu miliyan 50 kuma suka mutu sakamakon kamuwa da cutar mura ta Spain da ta bulla a cikin ramuka.
Abin da ake kira "Babban Yaƙi" ya faru daga 1914-18, kuma yanzu mun tuna shekaru 100 bayan haka. Amurka ta shiga yakin ne a ranar 6 ga Afrilu, 2017 – abin mamaki, a ranar Juma’a mai kyau a waccan shekarar. Yaƙi ne don kawo ƙarshen yaƙe-yaƙe, ya yi wa Shugaba Wilson alkawari, amma shi ba annabin gaskiya ba ne, ɗan siyasa kawai. An shuka tsaba na Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu da Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya.
Waɗanda suka ƙi fa? Shin bai kamata a tuna da su ba? ’Yan’uwa, Mennonites, Hutterites, Quakers, da wasu waɗanda ba za su yi yaƙi ba, ba za su sayi ɗaurin yaƙi ba, ko kuma su ɗaga tuta. A lokacin, sau da yawa ana tsoratar da muryoyinsu, an yi shiru. ’Yan’uwa, Mennonites, da Hutterites da suka yi magana da kuma bauta a Jamus sun sha wahala sau biyu, a matsayin masu adawa da yaƙi da kuma mutanen da aka san su da abokan gaba.
“Waɗanda ba su yarda da imaninsu ba su ne sojojin adawa na yaƙi da yaƙi a Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya,” in ji ’yan tarihi Scott H. Bennett da Charles Howlett. Akwai labarai masu motsa rai da yawa na waɗanda suka ƙi aikin soja a cikin Amurka, Kanada, da Turai. Wataƙila abin da ya fi burge ni shi ne labarin Hutterites huɗu daga Dakota ta Kudu. Waɗannan ƴan Hutteriyawa wani bangare ne na al'adar juriya da yaƙi na shekaru 400. Jacob Hutter, shugaban farko, ya rubuta a wata wasiƙa a shekara ta 1536: “Ba ma so mu cutar da wani ɗan adam, har ma da babban abokin gaba. Tafiyarmu ta rayuwa ita ce mu rayu cikin gaskiya da adalcin Allah, cikin aminci da haɗin kai…. Da a ce duk duniya ta kasance kamar mu da babu yaki da rashin adalci.”
A cikin 1918, 'yan'uwan Hutterite uku-David, Joseph, da Michael Hofer - tare da surukinsu Jacob Wipf, sun kasance masu ƙin yarda. Sun cika shekara ashirin da haihuwa, sun yi aure da ’ya’ya, kuma manoma sun yi karatun aji takwas. Amma, sun fahimci sarai cewa Yesu ya ce a’a a yi yaƙi.
Kotun ta yanke musu hukuncin daurin shekaru 20 a gidan yari. A Alcatraz, an azabtar da su. A cikin Nuwamba 1918, an tura su zuwa Fort Leavenworth, Kan., Inda Yusufu da Michael suka mutu. Hukumomin kasar sun ce sun mutu ne sakamakon kamuwa da mura na kasar Spain. Iyalansu da ’yan Hutterawa sun ɗauke su shahidai da suka mutu saboda rashin lafiyar da suke fama da su.
Na ji an kira ni don in taimaka ba da waɗannan labarun bayan shekaru 100. Ƙungiya daga Ikklisiya na Zaman Lafiya na Tarihi, da malaman Tarihin Tarihin Zaman Lafiya, sun fara haduwa a cikin Janairu 2014 don fara tsara taron tattaunawa. Mun so mu ba da labarin waɗanda suka yi tsayayya kuma suka ƙi zuwa Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya saboda lamiri, kuma mu taimaka ƙulla dangantaka ta yau. Bill Kostlevy ya shirya ɗakin karatu na Tarihi da Tarihi na Brothers (BHLA) don zama farkon wanda ya dauki nauyin taron. Mun sadu a Gidan Tarihi na Yaƙin Duniya na Ƙasa da Tunawa da Tunawa da Mu a birnin Kansas, kuma shugaban ƙasa da Shugaba Matt Naylor da mukarrabansa sun yi masa maraba sosai. A matsayin aboki na ɗan adam da na sirri, Naylor ya ƙaddamar da gidan kayan gargajiya don zama wurin taron. Wannan taron karawa juna sani, "Tunawa da Muryar da aka Kashe: Lamiri, Rashin amincewa, Juriya, da 'Yancin Jama'a a Yaƙin Duniya na I Ta Yau," za a gudanar da Oktoba 19-22.
Fiye da shawarwari na takarda 80 an ƙaddamar da su ciki har da daga malamai a wajen Amurka. Daga cikin wasu batutuwa, takardun sun haɗa da batutuwan 'yan'uwa kamar "Duhu yana Da alama a Ko'ina a Duniya: Ƙwarewar 'Yan'uwa a Sansanonin Soja a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na I" na Kostlevy na BHLA; da "1917-1919: Lokacin Tabbatar da Maurice Hess" na Timothy Binkley, Makarantar Tauhidi ta Perkins, Jami'ar Methodist ta Kudu. Wannan biki na takardu zai zama abin ƙarfafawa ga waɗanda suka himmatu ga almajiranci marasa tashin hankali kuma suna neman bayyana shi da aminci a yau.
Masu magana mai mahimmanci sun haɗa da masanin tarihin Georgetown Michael Kazin, wanda zai yi magana game da juriya na Amurka; Ingrid Sharp daga Jami'ar Leeds a Birtaniya, wanda zai yi magana game da Jamusawa game da yakin; Erika Kuhlman, wanda zai yi jawabi ga mata a yakin duniya na daya; da Goshen (Ind.) Farfesa Farfesa Duane Stoltzfus da malamin Hutterite Bajamushe Dora Maendal daga Manitoba, Kanada, waɗanda za su ba da labarin Hutterite.
A karshen taron, a safiyar Lahadi 22 ga Oktoba, an shirya bikin tunawa da ’yan’uwan Hofer da duk wadanda suka ki yarda da imaninsu a lokacin yakin duniya na daya, a gidan kayan gargajiya. Wannan zai biyo bayan rangadin Fort Leavenworth, Kan., gami da tsohon asibitin da Joseph da Michael Hofer suka mutu.
Bugu da ƙari, nunin balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguron balaguro na “Voices of Conscience – Peace Shaida a cikin Babban Yaƙin” zai fara a taron tattaunawa a ranar 19-22 ga Oktoba. Haɗin gwiwa tsakanin 'yan'uwa, Mennonites, da Quakers a Kansas City za su dauki nauyin nunin na mako guda bayan kammala taron, a Cocin Rainbow Mennonite. Don yin baje kolin balaguron tuntuɓi Annette LeZotte na Kaufman Museum a Kwalejin Bethel (Kan.), a alezotte@bethelks.edu . Har ila yau duba http://voicesofconscienceexhibit.org .
Masu ba da gudummawar taron taron suna ƙarƙashin jagorancin Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Jama'a ta Amurka, Ƙungiyar Tarihin Zaman Lafiya, Plow Publishing House, da Vaughan Williams Charitable Trust, tare da ɗakin karatu na Tarihi na Brothers da Archives, All Souls Unitarian Universalist Church, Kwamitin Sabis na Abokan Amurka, Baptist Peace Fellowship na Arewacin Amirka, Bruderhof, Community of Christ Seminary, Greater Kansas City Interfaith Council, Historians Against War, John Whitmer Historical Association, Mennonite Central Committee, Mennonite Historical Society, Mennonite Quarterly Review, Peace Pavilion, PeaceWorks a Kansas City, da Cocin Mennonite na Rainbow.
Don ƙarin bayani game da shirin tattaunawa, masu magana, rajista, da ƙari, je zuwa www.theworldwar.org/learn/remembering-muted-voices .
- Andrew Bolton shi ne wanda ya shirya taron tattaunawa, "Tunawa da Muryar da aka Kashe: Lamiri, Rashin Ra'ayi, Juriya, da 'Yancin Jama'a a Yaƙin Duniya na I Ta Yau."
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